Table of ContentsDescribe VLANs.VLANs on Cisco SwitchesThe default VLANNative VLANManagement VLANA data VLANVoice LANUntagged and Tag VLAN/PortPrivate LANs Every worker in this industry has to have a thorough grasp of the VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) technology since it is a basic idea in TCP/IP computer networks. VLANs are implemented and set up on Ethernet switches and operate at OSI Layer 2. They are a technique for conceptually separating Layer 2 Ethernet frames created by various network devices such that only frames with the same VLAN ID may interact at the Layer 2 level. A Layer 3 device, such as a router, is required for communication between frames with various VLAN IDs. So, we may manage the traffic across several VLANs using a router (or Layer 3 switch), for example, by utilizing access control lists. By separating the traffic from various devices such that they may only connect at layer 2 with other devices that have been allocated the same VLAN number, this frame separation (and device separation) increases network security. Describe VLANs. A hub or repeater is used in a typical LAN to link workstations to one another. Any data that is received is sent throughout the network by these devices. A collision will happen, and the communicated data will get lost if two users try to send information. Hubs and repeaters will keep spreading the collision once it has taken place throughout the network. VLANs on Cisco Switches A database keeps track of every new VLAN generated on a switch. The vlan.dat file, as it contains this information, is held in the NVRAM or flash memory. On a Cisco switch, the command shows VLAN gets used to display the contents of the VLAN database. All specified VLANS will be lost if the switch's Vlan.dat file gets removed, and the database will be restored to its default settings. The default VLAN The default VLAN for Cisco switches and the massive other switch suppliers is VLAN 1, as it is where all the interfaces get put when a Cisco switch gets switched on for the first time after leaving the factory. All devices connected to the default VLAN can communicate since Ethernet packets are not tagged when leaving the interface. On a Cisco switch, VLAN 1 cannot get erased and is active. It can be perplexing when network managers refer to the VLAN that has been assigned for empty interfaces as the default VLAN since, in reality, this VLAN was chosen as a security best practice for the assignment of interfaces. Native VLAN Trunk interfaces are used to link several switches together. The Ethernet frames from many tagged VLANs can be sent over a trunk interface, as opposed to a regular Access interface, which can only transport traffic for the one VLAN that has been allocated to it. It gets referred to as 802.1q Trunking. In addition to untagged frames like control traffic or traffic from legacy devices that cannot tag their Ethernet packets, the trunk also transmits tagged frames through its link. By default, VLAN 1, the original VLAN, receives all this untagged traffic. A native VLAN can and frequently is given a different number, distinguishing it from the default VLAN. The native VLAN can have any number you choose between 1 and 4094, but it must match both interfaces that link to the trunk. It is an essential point to keep in mind. A native VLAN of 2 on one side and a native VLAN of 3 on the other are incompatible since this would result in a mismatch and prevent communication over the trunk. Management VLAN For the sole purpose of administering infrastructure devices through SSH, HTTPS, SMTP, SYSLOG, etc.,. Any VLAN number the administrator chooses to use. A Layer 3 device, such as a router or multi-layer switch, must be used to construct a Switch Virtual Interface (SVI) and assign an IP Address for the devices in this VLAN to be available for control from a distant computer. Using the management VLAN to divide management traffic from user data traffic complies with best practices. A data VLAN Devices belonging to end users get allocated to the data VLAN. Numerous Data VLANS that can be numbered or named to represent various departments or groups of devices may exist. There may be a VLAN named Finance, followed by a VLAN named Sales, and a third VLAN named Research. A VLAN might get constructed for several devices, such as one for phones or one for audio and video devices called AV. Voice LAN Each desk often has a computer and an IP phone. Two cables would need to be run from each device to the switch if the IP phone, and PC connected to the switch individually. Because the switch's available interfaces would rapidly fill up in a big workplace, Cisco developed IP phones with a tiny switch integrated within the phone's base unit. With the help of this tiny switch, a PC may be connected to a phone, and the phone can then relay traffic from the PC through a single Ethernet connection to a Cisco switch. It is problematic that a switch interface with switchport mode access can only support one VLAN on the interface. Cisco switches allow a conventional Data VLAN to be assigned to the switch port, supporting the computer, and then a Voice VLAN to support a Cisco IP phone, which may get added. When IP packets leave the phone, they get labeled with voice VLAN for IP phones or data VLAN for packets coming from computers. Untagged and Tag VLAN/Port Dot1q tags are optional; packets can either have them or not. Tagged port: A VLAN tag gets required on every packet. Multiple VLANs' traffic gets accepted on this port. It is used most to link switches. Untagged Port: In Cisco, directed--to as the "Access" port. Only permits traffic for a single VLAN. It gets used to link end devices to switches. Some end devices can add a dot1q tag to packets as they leave the device, but massive do not. Determining what happens to the tagging when the packet reaches the switch will thus rely on the type of interface the device is attached to. Private LANs Private VLANS allow devices in the same VLAN to get separated by assigning them a secondary VLAN. An interface will have a main VLAN number allocated to it if a switch gets set up for private VLANs. One of the interfaces in the group will get set up as a promiscuous port. Any other interface can interact with this promiscuous interface, and any interface can respond.

Table of ContentsWhat Is RIP? (RIP Routing Protocol)RIP Versions: RIPv1, RIPv2 & RIPngMetrics & Timers ExplainedBasic Cisco RIP ConfigurationAdvanced RIP FeaturesCatalyst 9400–Specific NotesLimitations & Best PracticesWhen to Use RIPFAQ: RIP on Cisco Devices Routing Information Protocol (RIP) remains a simple and easy-to-configure distance-vector routing protocol—ideal for small networks, labs, or legacy environments. In this guide, we’ll dive deep into how RIP works, how to configure it on Cisco devices, its limitations, and when to use it. What Is RIP? (RIP Routing Protocol) Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is one of the oldest distance-vector routing protocols. It uses hop count as a metric to determine the best path through a network. RIP sends its entire routing table to all adjacent routers every 30 seconds. Key characteristics: Max hop count: 15 (16 = unreachable) Broadcast (RIPv1) or multicast (RIPv2) updates Designed for small, simple networks Defined in RFC 1058 and updated in RFC 2453 RIP Versions: RIPv1, RIPv2 & RIPng RIP has evolved to support modern networking needs through its three main versions: Feature RIPv1 RIPv2 RIPng IP Support IPv4 IPv4 IPv6 Classless ❌ No ✅ Yes ✅ Yes Subnet Masks ❌ No ✅ Yes ✅ Yes Broadcast/Multicast Broadcast Multicast (224.0.0.9) Multicast (FF02::9) Authentication ❌ No ✅ Yes ❌ No RIPv1: Classful, no support for subnet masks, uses broadcast RIPv2: Classless, supports subnetting and route authentication RIPng: RIP for IPv6, uses UDP port 521 Metrics & Timers Explained RIP uses hop count as its routing metric: 0: Directly connected 1–15: Reachable 16: Unreachable (route is dropped) Default timers: Update timer: 30 seconds Invalid timer: 180 seconds Hold-down timer: 180 seconds Flush timer: 240 seconds These timers control how long RIP keeps or removes routes in its table. Basic Cisco RIP Configuration To configure RIP on a Cisco device, use the following commands: enable configure terminal ip routing router rip version 2 no auto-summary network 10.0.0.0 network 192.168.1.0 end show ip protocols Key commands explained: version 2: Enables RIPv2 for subnet support and multicast no auto-summary: Prevents classful network assumptions network: Identifies interfaces that participate in RIP Advanced RIP Features 1. RIP Authentication (RIPv2 Only) For secure RIP updates using MD5: interface GigabitEthernet1/0 ip rip authentication mode md5 ip rip authentication key-chain RIP_KEYS key chain RIP_KEYS key 1 key-string MySecret 2. Split Horizon and Poison Reverse Split Horizon: Prevents routing loops by not sending updates back on the same interface they were received. Poison Reverse: Sends the route back with a hop count of 16 to indicate it's unreachable. To disable split horizon: interface GigabitEthernet1/0 no ip split-horizon 3. Summary Addresses Use manual summarization to reduce routing table size: interface GigabitEthernet1/1 ip summary-address rip 10.2.0.0 255.255.0.0 4. Offset Lists Offset lists allow you to modify the metric for inbound or outbound RIP updates: router rip offset-list 101 in 5 offset-list 101 out 10 5. Tuning Timers You can adjust the default RIP timers to change update intervals: router rip timers basic 45 180 180 240 Catalyst 9400–Specific Notes On Cisco Catalyst 9400 switches: RIP is available with the Network Essentials license. validate-update-source is enabled by default. Triggered updates (in response to changes) are disabled by default but can be configured. Always verify hardware compatibility before deploying RIP in production. Limitations & Best Practices Limitations of RIP: Limited to 15 hops Slow convergence Full routing table updates every 30 seconds (inefficient) Not scalable for large, dynamic networks Best Practices: Use RIPv2 with authentication Disable auto-summary Only use RIP in small, stable networks Use manual summarization to reduce overhead Avoid in enterprise or MPLS networks—prefer OSPF or EIGRP When to Use RIP Scenario Recommendation Small branch/lab network ✅ Yes Legacy router compatibility ✅ Yes Modern enterprise environment ❌ No IPv6 test lab ✅ Yes (RIPng) Backup route in hybrid network ✅ With caution FAQ: RIP on Cisco Devices Q1. What is the difference between RIPv1 and RIPv2? RIPv1 is classful and does not support subnet masks or authentication. RIPv2 is classless, supports subnetting, multicast, and MD5 authentication. Q2. How do I secure RIP updates? Use RIPv2 with MD5 authentication configured via key chains. Q3. Why isn’t RIP used in modern enterprise networks? Due to its limited scalability (15 hops), lack of fast convergence, and outdated design, RIP is not suited for modern dynamic networks.

Table of ContentsCisco Course LevelsCisco CCNA 200-301: The Whole Guide to Certification:Cisco Certified Entry Networking Technician (CCENT):Cisco Certified Network Associate Routing and Switching (CCNA R&S):Cisco Certified Design Associate (CCDA):Cisco Certified Network Associate Cloud (CCNA Cloud)New Modifications to the Cisco Certification Framework: Cisco Systems offers general and professional certifications for which candidates must sit for exams. Seven alternative pathways, including routing, switching, security, designing, and storage networking, are provided by the four skill levels of the available accreditation. CCNA, CCIE, and CCNP are the three most sought-after qualifications in the IT sector. Your employer will have confidence in your understanding of networking fundamentals since you hold a Cisco certification. Cisco Course Levels The Cisco certifications are separated into the following hierarchical levels in descending order: Associate-level Cisco certifications Professional-level Cisco certifications Cisco Expert-level Certifications Associate-Level Cisco Courses If you're a newbie and want to start as a Network Associate in the networking sector, you might need to think about the associate-level Cisco certifications. The Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) certification is the most widely used Cisco associate-level certification. Professional-Level Cisco Courses It is ideal to move up the ladder after completing the associate-level Cisco courses and working for nearly two or three years in the networking sector. It is advised to take the associate Cisco courses before moving on to the professional Cisco courses. All professional Cisco courses have one thing in common: If you want to become a Cisco professional, you must pass two tests. These are the two tests: The basic test: The fundamental core technologies that form the basis of Cisco technology were covered by this test. The concentration test: This test can be viewed as a means of demonstrating your technical proficiency. Through this exam preparation, you may then hone your talents. Expert-Level Cisco Courses: The most advanced level of Cisco courses is called the expert level. It is advised to only enroll in these courses after earning associate and professional-level credentials. It is furthermore advised to have three to five years of expertise in networking technology. These expert-level credentials require passing two tests, which are as follows: Qualification test: Through performance-based/multiple-choice questions, the qualifying exam gauges your understanding of a particular technology. Tests in the lab: Through practicals/the lab exam, you get tested on your total practical knowledge. Cisco CCNA 200-301: The Whole Guide to Certification: The Cisco CCNA 200-301, the most recent edition of which will be offered in 2020, is yet another intriguing course to take. You may join this course with confidence since it has 38 hours of video content, a rating score of 4.7, and more than 115k students enrolled. The first step in the course is setting up the laboratories, after which students study some of the basics of networks, including TCP/IP, the upper and lower OSI layers, subnetting, and more. Additionally, you'll study Cisco device administration, dynamic routing protocols, network address translation, quality of service, cloud computing, and more. Cisco Certified Entry Networking Technician (CCENT): The CCENT certification is the best option for newcomers or more experienced individuals switching careers in networking. CCENT recognizes persons who possess the knowledge and expertise necessary to design, implement, and operate small business networks as network administrators and incorporates network support capabilities at the entry-level. The current CCENT Exam is the 100-105 ICND1. Basic computer skills and understanding of operating systems are prerequisites for this certification. Network technicians, engineers and administrators, and systems engineers are among the job categories covered by a CCENT credential. The CCENT is a significant prerequisite for various higher-level Cisco certifications. Cisco Certified Network Associate Routing and Switching (CCNA R&S): Still, CCNA R&S is the preferred qualification for networking newcomers. With the CCNA R&S, generations of network administrators started their careers. Cisco has expanded the selection of CCNA options and included new tracks like wireless, security, data center, and cloud. The concepts of routing and switching and the technology of network infrastructure components are included in the CCNA R&S program. In addition to discussing Cisco routers and switches operating systems objectively, it also discusses networking technology. Candidates can pass the ICND2 exam or the CCNA composite test to earn their CCENT certification and become CCNA R&S certified. Cisco offers courses, online practice tests, and sample questions that may be used to prepare for the CCNA R&S exam. Cisco Certified Design Associate (CCDA): The CCDA certifies the network design expertise needed to build a corporate network. Ideal introduction to Cisco network design for network designers, systems engineers, and sales engineers. This course focuses on the initial phase of networking, which is to construct a network based on a corporate network. Every network engineer should be able to design networks since networks are evolving and redesigning themselves to accommodate business development. The CCDA certifies the network design expertise needed to build a corporate network. The primary prerequisite for Cisco system engineers, network designers, and sales engineers is this basic understanding. Cisco Certified Network Associate Cloud (CCNA Cloud) The CCNA Cloud certification is an excellent choice for networking newcomers joining a fast-expanding employment market. Network engineers with extensive knowledge and expertise in cloud operations are becoming increasingly important as the IT sector moves systems fast to the Cloud. The CCNA Cloud program introduces network engineers to cloud solutions and infrastructure. The demand for CCNAs will rise as cloud usage continues to increase. Cisco aggressively advises applicants to have a fundamental understanding of network technologies and protocols, even though there are no prerequisites for this certification. Passing the CLDFND and CLDADM tests is a requirement for certification. Cloud Basics and Cisco cloud products are covered in both tests. The cloud computing age is forcing several chances for professionals with Cisco credentials. Earning a Cisco networking certification has never had a deadline. Your life and work will change as a result. New Modifications to the Cisco Certification Framework: The new Cisco certification is intended to help network engineers and administrators become fully versed in automation, development, networking, and security. IT specialists can't limit themselves to wireless network usage, routing, or safety. Modern networks are highly entangled. The authentication path thus underwent certain structural modifications. The CCIE, CCNA, or CCNP credentials can still be obtained. However, you may be the Cisco Certified Expert credential after passing a non-CCNA test and CCNA training. Anyone looking to become a CCNP should start with the new Cisco Certified Professional test. You can continue to hold CCIE and CCAr certifications as an expert and an architect if you have obtained a professional credential.

Table of Contents1. Introduction to Networks (CCNA)2. Cisco Packet Tracer Tutorials3. Cybersecurity Essentials4. Routing and Switching Essentials (CCNA)5. Wireless Basics and Design Fundamentals6. Collaboration and Video Core Essentials7. Data Center Fundamentals8. Network Automation and Programmability Basics9. IoT (Internet of Things) Fundamentals10. SD-WAN Solutions and ConfigurationsConclusion Cisco Systems, known for its cutting-edge networking equipment and software solutions, is a massive player in the IT industry. For professionals aiming to strengthen their networking knowledge, Cisco offers a plethora of certifications, ranging from entry-level to expert. Cisco training will provide you with the skills you need to enter the networking sector. In actuality, associate Cisco certifications are where many successful networking careers start. Not only are Cisco credentials valuable for aspiring network engineers. Anyone pursuing a career in IT, from support specialists to cybersecurity experts, may gain from Cisco training programs. There were no possibilities like today's online training programs. Luckily, there weren't brain-dumps like there are now when you just read a few hundred questions and then take the test without learning anything. Online video training is a common practice today. It is similar to taking an instructor-led training course but far less expensive and at your speed via online video instruction. To help learners get started without breaking the bank, here's a list of 10 free Cisco video training courses available online: 1. Introduction to Networks (CCNA) This course offers beginners an insight into the world of networking. From understanding the basics of networking to the intricacies of routing and switching, this comprehensive tutorial sets the stage for higher-level Cisco certifications. Cisco Systems developed Cisco Career Certifications as a form of IT professional certification for its products. Depending on the certification level, they can be divided into nine separate topic tracks: routing and switching, design, security, services providers, services providers operations, data centers, voice, wireless, and video. The world's most well-known certification job is Cisco, as it's crucial to be aware of all the available courses and credentials. 2. Cisco Packet Tracer Tutorials Cisco Packet Tracer is a network simulation tool used for training and experimentation. It helps you visualize a network using real-world examples, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) while outlining the fundamental features of the tool through a range of hands-on tasks. For anybody planning to enroll in a Networking Academy course making use of advanced simulation technology, this introductory course is a must. Learn how to use Cisco Packet Tracer by enrolling, downloading, and getting started. This series of videos offers hands-on training on how to set up virtual networks, troubleshoot issues, and understand various network configurations. 3. Cybersecurity Essentials As cyber threats continue to grow, understanding cybersecurity has never been more crucial. A single breach may have severe repercussions for a business, harming the bottom line and upsetting the everyday routines of millions of people. As a result, there is an increasing need for security experts. Join the team—and learn about network defense techniques, security concepts, technologies, and practices. Choose between a networking or security professional position that requires entry-level experience. The CCNA or CyberOps Associate Certifications are advised if you want to study for them. Prerequisite- Introduction to Cybersecurity or corresponding knowledge gets advised. 4. Routing and Switching Essentials (CCNA) Building on the Introduction to Networks course, this tutorial dives deeper into routing and switching. The Free CCNA Version 7 Routing & Switching certification course aids learners in building a solid foundation for planning, protecting, running, and troubleshooting contemporary computer networks. With a strong emphasis on practical learning and vital job skills like cooperation and problem-solving, you will learn how to expand operations from small company networks to corporate networks. 5. Wireless Basics and Design Fundamentals In an increasingly wireless world, understanding how to design, deploy, and manage wireless networks is essential. In this course, the most important theoretical and design concepts related to WLAN/Wi-Fi Design are covered. This course teaches students who have no prior wireless experience in WLAN Coverage Design, WLAN Roaming Design, WLAN Channel Design, WLAN Capacity Design considerations, and the essentials. 6. Collaboration and Video Core Essentials Collaboration tools like WebEx and Cisco's Unified Communications Manager have taken center stage in modern business operations. This course introduces these tools and demonstrates how to leverage them effectively. 7. Data Center Fundamentals Dive into the world of data centers with this comprehensive course. Network administrators were the target audience for this Data Centre training since it is regarded as associate-level Cisco training. Both experienced network administrators wishing to prove their Cisco abilities and fresh IT professionals with at least a year of expertise with Cisco infrastructure will find value in this course, which covers the 200-150 DCICN and the 200-155 DCICT exams. 8. Network Automation and Programmability Basics The future of networking lies in automation. Describe the domain goals for automation and programmability. Network programmability: why it's necessary and why networking professionals should understand it. SDN-nomenclature, the distinction between control planes and data planes, and ideas relating to API. This course offers- an introduction to network programmability, API integrations, and automation tools like Ansible and Cisco DNA Center. 9. IoT (Internet of Things) Fundamentals As billions of devices connect to the internet, understanding IoT is critical. This course touches on IoT's basics, significance, and how Cisco technologies play a role in this domain. Every sector is changing due to the capacity to link objects and collect relevant data, and new career specializations are becoming possible. Learn the fundamentals of this fascinating and developing topic by engaging in enjoyable hands-on activities that simulate securely syncing sensors to cloud services through IP networks and gathering data in a complete IoT (Internet of Things) system. 10. SD-WAN Solutions and Configurations Software-Defined Wide Area Networking (SD-WAN) is a revolutionary approach to WAN design. You will learn the best practices for setting up routing protocols in the data center and the branch and how to put sophisticated control, data, and application-aware rules into practice. Additional topics covered in the seminar include SD-WAN deployment and migration choices, controller location, how to deploy WAN Edge devices, and how to set up Direct Internet Access (DIA) breakout. Conclusion For those passionate about networking and looking to enhance their skills, Cisco's array of free video training courses offers a wealth of knowledge. Whether you're a beginner eager to dive into the basics or a seasoned professional seeking specialized training, there's likely a free course that caters to your needs. However, while these free resources are invaluable, it's worth noting that a holistic learning approach often includes hands-on labs, reading materials, and engagement with communities or forums for discussion.

Exam Description: CCNA Exam v1.0 (CCNA 200-301) is a 120-minute exam associated with the CCNA certification. This exam tests a candidate's knowledge and skills related to network fundamentals, network access, IP connectivity, IP services, security fundamentals, and automation and programmability. The course, Implementing and Administering Cisco Solutions (CCNA), helps candidates prepare for this exam. The following topics are general guidelines for the content likely to be included on the exam. However, other related topics may also appear on any specific delivery of the exam. To better reflect the contents of the exam and for clarity purposes, the guidelines below may change at any time without notice.   1.0 Network Fundamentals (20%) 1.1 Explain the role and function of network components   1.1.a Routers 1.1.b Layer 2 and Layer 3 switches 1.1.c Next-generation firewalls and IPS 1.1.d Access points 1.1.e Controllers (Cisco DNA Center and WLC) 1.1.f Endpoints 1.1.g Servers 1.1.h PoE 1.2 Describe characteristics of network topology architectures   1.2.a Two-tier 1.2.b Three-tier 1.2.c Spine-leaf 1.2.d WAN 1.2.e Small office/home office (SOHO) 1.2.f On-premise and cloud 1.3 Compare physical interface and cabling types   1.3.a Single-mode fiber, multimode fiber, copper 1.3.b Connections (Ethernet shared media and point-to-point) 1.4 Identify interface and cable issues (collisions, errors, mismatch duplex, and/or speed)     1.5 Compare TCP to UDP 1.6 Configure and verify IPv4 addressing and subnetting 1.7 Describe the need for private IPv4 addressing 1.8 Configure and verify IPv6 addressing and prefix 1.9 Describe IPv6 address types   1.9.a Unicast (global, unique local, and link local) 1.9.b Anycast 1.9.c Multicast 1.9.d Modified EUI 64 1.10 Verify IP parameters for Client OS (Windows, Mac OS, Linux) 1.11 Describe wireless principles   1.11.a Nonoverlapping Wi-Fi channels 1.11.b SSID 1.11.c RF 1.11.d Encryption 1.12 Explain virtualization fundamentals (server virtualization, containers, and VRFs) 1.13 Describe switching concepts   1.13.a MAC learning and aging 1.13.b Frame switching 1.13.c Frame flooding 1.13.d MAC address table 2.0 Network Access (20%) 2.1 Configure and verify VLANs (normal range) spanning multiple switches   2.1.a Access ports (data and voice) 2.1.b Default VLAN 2.1.c Connectivity 2.2 Configure and verify interswitch connectivity   2.2.a Trunk ports 2.2.b 802.1Q 2.2.c Native VLAN   2.3 Configure and verify Layer 2 discovery protocols (Cisco Discovery Protocol   and LLDP) 2.4 Configure and verify (Layer 2/Layer 3) EtherChannel (LACP) 2.5 Interpret basic operations of Rapid PVST+ Spanning Tree Protocol   2.5.a Root port, root bridge (primary/secondary), and other port names   2.5.b Port states (forwarding/blocking)   2.5.c PortFast 2.6 Describe Cisco Wireless Architectures and AP modes 2.7 Describe physical infrastructure connections of WLAN components (AP, WLC,   access/trunk ports, and LAG) 2.8 Describe AP and WLC management access connections (Telnet, SSH, HTTP,   HTTPS, console, and TACACS+/RADIUS) 2.9 Interpret the wireless LAN GUI configuration for client connectivity, such as   WLAN creation, security settings, QoS profiles, and advanced settings  3.0 IP Connectivity (25%) 3.1 Interpret the components of routing table   3.1.a Routing protocol code 3.1.b Prefix 3.1.c Network mask 3.1.d Next hop 3.1.e Administrative distance 3.1.f Metric 3.1.g Gateway of last resort 3.2 Determine how a router makes a forwarding decision by default   3.2.a Longest prefix match 3.2.b Administrative distance 3.2.c Routing protocol metric 3.3 Configure and verify IPv4 and IPv6 static routing   3.3.a Default route 3.3.b Network route   2.3 Configure and verify Layer 2 discovery protocols (Cisco Discovery Protocol   and LLDP) 2.4 Configure and verify (Layer 2/Layer 3) EtherChannel (LACP) 2.5 Interpret basic operations of Rapid PVST+ Spanning Tree Protocol   2.5.a Root port, root bridge (primary/secondary), and other port names   2.5.b Port states (forwarding/blocking)   2.5.c PortFast 2.6 Describe Cisco Wireless Architectures and AP modes 2.7 Describe physical infrastructure connections of WLAN components (AP, WLC,   access/trunk ports, and LAG) 2.8 Describe AP and WLC management access connections (Telnet, SSH, HTTP,   HTTPS, console, and TACACS+/RADIUS) 2.9 Interpret the wireless LAN GUI configuration for client connectivity, such as   WLAN creation, security settings, QoS profiles, and advanced settings  3.0 IP Connectivity (25%) 3.1 Interpret the components of routing table   3.1.a Routing protocol code 3.1.b Prefix 3.1.c Network mask 3.1.d Next hop 3.1.e Administrative distance 3.1.f Metric 3.1.g Gateway of last resort 3.2 Determine how a router makes a forwarding decision by default   3.2.a Longest prefix match 3.2.b Administrative distance 3.2.c Routing protocol metric 3.3 Configure and verify IPv4 and IPv6 static routing   3.3.a Default route 3.3.b Network route     6.0 Automation and Programmability (10%) 6.1 Explain how automation impacts network management 6.2 Compare traditional networks with controller-based networking 6.3 Describe controller-based, software defined architecture (overlay, underlay,   and fabric)   6.3.a  Separation of control plane and data plane 6.3.b  Northbound and Southbound APIs 6.4 Compare traditional campus device management with Cisco DNA Center   enabled device management 6.5 Describe characteristics of REST-based APIs (CRUD, HTTP verbs, and data   encoding) 6.6 Recognize the capabilities of configuration management mechanisms Puppet,   Chef, and Ansible 6.7 Recognize components of JSON-encoded data

Table of ContentsA Private Cloud Storage Solution's Important FeaturesComprehensive Understanding of Cloud Architecture:Mastery Over Cloud Networking:Emphasis on Cloud Security:Streamlined Cloud Management and Automation:Integration with Modern Technologies:Best Practices for Optimal Performance:Enhanced Collaboration Capabilities:Continuous Skill Upgradation:Access to a Global Community:Competitive Edge in the Market:End-to-end service Provisioning is accelerated:Networks Play a Critical Role in Virtualization and Cloud ComputingConclusion: In the present era of technological advancements, cloud computing has emerged as a pivotal element in enterprise IT strategy. While public clouds offer vast scale and flexibility, many organizations lean towards private cloud solutions for enhanced security, compliance, and tailored infrastructure needs. Cisco is recognized for its rigorous courses and relevance. Cisco training can be the catalyst for enterprises looking to deploy efficient private cloud solutions. Here's how leveraging Cisco training can lead to the creation of top-tier private cloud infrastructures: A Private Cloud Storage Solution's Important Features A private cloud is a virtualized hosting environment that employs computer, network, and storage resources to support application and data processing without sharing them with another organization. An on-site server, within a virtual machine, or on a remotely managed single-tenant server, a private cloud get built. The Most Important Elements of a Private Cloud Storage Solution Scalability is simple: The answer must enable you to expand the infrastructure and add new resources without tearing down current ones. A broad network of partners: Interoperability must not get hampered by private clouds. For a connected company to function, it must be interoperable with third-party software, hardware, and services. Controlled services: Your organization should support your path toward infrastructure maintenance, application modernization, and cloud migration. Community: The solution has a supportive community of specialists, system engineers, users, and open-source contributors. Charges based on use: Instead of paying a set fee for the infrastructure, you should only charge for the resources and services used. Comprehensive Understanding of Cloud Architecture: Cisco's cloud training modules provide in-depth insights into cloud architectures, including infrastructure as a service (IaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and software as a service (SaaS). By mastering these concepts, IT teams can design and implement private cloud solutions tailored to an organization's needs, ensuring maximum ROI. Mastery Over Cloud Networking: A private cloud's efficiency is determined by its underlying network's performance. Cisco, a leader in networking, offers training modules dedicated to cloud networking. These courses cover topics: virtual network design, load balancing, and cloud network security, equipping professionals to build robust and scalable cloud networks. Emphasis on Cloud Security: Security concerns are at the forefront of any private cloud deployment. Cisco's training modules, such as the CCNP Security, delve deep into securing virtual environments. Topics like identity management, threat defense, and secure network architecture ensure that private clouds built by Cisco-trained professionals get fortified against breaches and vulnerabilities. Streamlined Cloud Management and Automation: An efficient private cloud is not just about deployment but also about ongoing management. Cisco training covers essential tools and methodologies for cloud automation, orchestration, and monitoring. These skills ensure the cloud environment is responsive and adaptive to changing enterprise needs. Integration with Modern Technologies: The cloud landscape is evolving, with emerging technologies like edge computing, AI-driven analytics, and IoT integrations. Cisco's constantly updated curriculum ensures that professionals are adept at incorporating these technologies into private cloud solutions, keeping the enterprise at the cutting edge of innovation. Best Practices for Optimal Performance: Cisco training is not just about understanding technology but also about implementing global best practices. These practices, derived from real-world scenarios and case studies, ensure that private cloud deployments get optimized for performance, scalability, and resilience. Enhanced Collaboration Capabilities: Modern private cloud solutions are more than just storage and compute resources; they are collaborative platforms. Cisco's collaboration and communication training modules ensure that private clouds facilitate seamless teamwork with integrated communication tools and virtual workspaces. Continuous Skill Upgradation: The cloud domain is dynamic, with rapid technological shifts. Cisco's commitment to continuous learning with recertification and advanced courses ensures that IT professionals remain updated with the latest in cloud tech, ensuring that the private cloud infrastructure evolves- in tandem with the industry. Access to a Global Community: Undergoing Cisco training connects professionals to a global community of peers, experts, and thought leaders. This network becomes invaluable for sharing insights, troubleshooting challenges, and understanding global cloud trends, which can get integrated into an enterprise's private cloud strategy. Competitive Edge in the Market: Lastly, an efficient private cloud is a significant competitive advantage. By ensuring faster data access, secure environments, and scalability, Cisco-trained professionals can help an organization stay ahead in the market. The agility provided by a well-managed private cloud can be the difference between leading market trends and merely following them. End-to-end service Provisioning is accelerated: In the competitive global market, businesses must be able to react swiftly to changing conditions regardless of the industry in which they operate. Their capacity to do so largely depends on how quickly they can set up connections to the cloud for new locations and any additional services and applications needed at current sites. Networks Play a Critical Role in Virtualization and Cloud Computing Your capacity to successfully deploy ubiquitous virtualization, the private cloud, or even hybrid cloud solutions will be determined by the performance, reliability, and intelligence of- the network connecting every component of each data center and the data centers themselves. You must be aware that the network will be capable of: Deliver connection to any device at any time and from any location. Scale and expand effectively Manage all information kinds while providing the greatest QoS, including big data, data analytics, video, and any other data. Assist in ensuring complete network security Conclusion: Private cloud solutions offer enterprises control, security, and customization. However, harnessing their potential demands expertise and nuanced understanding. Cisco, with its legacy in networking and IT training, now offers courses tailored for the cloud era. By leveraging Cisco training, enterprises can ensure that their private cloud deployments are operational and exemplary, driving business growth, innovation, and efficiency. In the race toward digital transformation, a Cisco-trained team might be the turbo boost that propels an organization to the forefront.

Table of ContentsCCNA certificationCompetitive Advantages of Cisco Certification Training:In a Nutshell, the Benefits of Cisco Certification CCNAConclusion: Cisco certifications have become a criterion and grading measure in IT enterprises, independent of their operational sizes. The employees and the employers (the businesses) gain from these certificates. The CCNA certification from Cisco has helped many applicants experience tremendous professional advancement. The CCNA and CCNP certificate programs, and additional complicated Cisco training modules, are accessible through this specific certification. It has been claimed by non-CCNA-certified employees working for various IT organizations that they believe they must become certified to stay up with the pace. CCNA certification Cisco certification provides several benefits for IT companies as well as their personnel. Your teams can profit much from it while also expanding their knowledge base. Several topics, such as networking basics, security fundamentals, programmability, and more, are easy to learn with the CCNA certification. Competitive Advantages of Cisco Certification Training: Improved Learning Curve: You have the opportunity to broaden your knowledge and create a good understanding of the fundamentals of Cisco networking as you work towards becoming CCNA certified. Even though you have years of expertise in networking, you must improve your skill sets if you want to beat the competition. You are officially certified by The Networking Leader: Cisco leads the sector in terms of installed base and market share. Through network channels, ever-increasing internet traffic is transported using Cisco infrastructure solutions. Candidates for working with Cisco products must successfully finish the CCNA program. Inherited expertise and information will become more and more appealing to the market. Furthermore, according to IDC, 70% of IT directors search for such credentials to signify candidates' qualifications. More Career Options are Available: You might have a variety of employment alternatives available to you with a Cisco Certification. Students can use their foundational knowledge in cutting-edge fields like cloud computing, data centers, collaboration, networks, programmability, security, and wireless. The IT sector is growing as a result of all these developments. These skills also help the business improve its success and productivity graphs. Certification provides a basis for professional networking: Network engineers and businesses throughout the world have long preferred Cisco Certifications. Understanding network protocols and architecture is becoming more and more in demand. By giving you the knowledge and skills necessary to advance in networking, Cisco certification may help you get there. You will learn from the course how to correctly comprehend, set up, maintain, and troubleshoot network infrastructure hardware. Less Comprehensive Outline: Networking experts frequently disagree as to which platform is superior: Cisco or Microsoft. It is simpler for a qualified individual to pursue the course because the Cisco certification programs don't have lengthy outlines. In addition, you can continue taking Microsoft certification courses at the same time as your CCNA training sessions. After earning your Cisco CCNA certification, the way is open for you to pursue further professional-level certifications in the networking field. Getting your first certification is often a complex and time-consuming procedure, but once you make the first move, you can manage expectations appropriately. Universal Acceptance: The CCNA certification is recognized around the world in several nations. Compared to networking specialists without the CCNA credential, people with the certificate can bargain for a higher pay scale. In recent years, there have been more CCNA positions accessible on the market. It is a requirement for eligibility that a candidate holds the CCNA certification before they may apply for one. Using the information gained via the CCNA certification program, one may further their career by studying new networking concepts and taking cyber-security courses. In a Nutshell, the Benefits of Cisco Certification CCNA Compared to networking specialists without a CCNA, employers prioritize CCNA-certified experts. If you are a networking specialist with CCNA certification, you have the benefits in this situation. If a candidate completes the CCNA certification program, new options and employment opportunities will open up. Reputable IT companies welcome the opportunity to hire CCNA-certified specialists and provide excellent incentives to keep them on board for the long run. The CCNA certificate program guarantees that the corresponding applicant has the skills demanded to manage even the most challenging and sophisticated networking systems. Additionally, regardless of the operational sizes of the IT businesses, the applicant can adapt to the working environment. The CCNA certification is a prerequisite for additional Cisco networking training. Based on the most current type of information, the applicant can outperform other networking engineers. The CCNA certificate program has developed into the most sought-after IT networking training. This certificate program aims to develop fundamental analytical and problem-solving abilities required to excel in the IT and networking industries. With a CCNA certification, a candidate may demonstrate that they have the necessary skill sets for various networking career jobs, including network engineer, support engineer, network system administrator, and network security associate. Naturally, more than a solitary CCNA certification will be required if you want to surpass your rivals, but it does guarantee that you are headed in the correct direction. Moving ahead of the learning curve will inspire you to pick up other networking abilities that will advance your career. Conclusion: The effectiveness, security, and creativity of enterprise networks frequently determine the difference between success and mediocrity in the 21st century's competitive business environment. A chain is only as strong as its weakest link, according to the proverb. You strengthen each link in your company's digital chain by offering Cisco Certification Training to your network management staff. The Cisco training program should be incorporated into your company's professional development strategy as a strategic step. It improves your team's technical proficiency while fostering a culture of excellence, creativity, and continual learning. This training has a cascading effect that results in better network performance, better business continuity, and an advantage over rivals in the digital sphere.

Table of ContentsIntroduction of Cloud automationBuilding a Foundation in Cloud Automation:Hands-On Learning with Cisco Tools:Streamlining Cloud Workflows:Proficiency:Enhancing Security with Automation:Scaling Operations Seamlessly:Integration with Multi-Cloud Environments:Continuous Monitoring and Reporting:Output:Channelization:Reducing Operational Costs:Staying Updated with Evolving Automation Technologies:Empowering Teams for the Future:Conclusion Automating corporate cloud operations is something your IT organization shouldn't neglect or take for granted. Automation is all about things moving in a predefined pattern without much human involvement. Businesses worldwide, including yours, are moving away from manual data centers and towards automated cloud operations. In an article published by Forbes, many chief customer success officers discuss the benefits of automation for organizations in the modern business environment. They also highlight the critical role automation plays in day-to-day operations. By delving into Cisco training, enterprises can empower their teams to take full advantage of cloud automation tools and practices. This article underscores the transformative potential of Cisco training in automating enterprise cloud operations. Introduction of Cloud automation Vast use cases and related cloud-native applications were used in private cloud and edge and public cloud settings. Cloud-native apps make the most of the multi-cloud environment's distributed, scalable, and flexible features to set the most emphasis on developing code and producing business value. Cloud automation is technology usage to complete operations with less help from humans to align cloud management procedures. IT departments are transitioning from getting a department that supports the company to one that drives the organization. IT teams were integrating with business divisions to provide the technology and procedures necessary to satisfy users' urgent requests. Building a Foundation in Cloud Automation: Cisco training offers a systematic approach to understanding cloud automation. Before diving into the automation tools and scripts, participants get acquainted with the fundamental principles of cloud operations. This strong foundation ensures that when the automation processes are introduced, the learners can contextualize them within the broader framework of cloud operations. Hands-On Learning with Cisco Tools: Cisco's cloud automation training emphasizes practical experience. Participants work with Cisco's suite of cloud automation tools, from essential utilities to advanced orchestration platforms. This hands-on approach ensures that learners who don't understand the concepts are willing to implement them in real-world scenarios. Streamlining Cloud Workflows: Automating repetitive and time-consuming tasks can dramatically improve the efficiency of cloud operations. Cisco training introduces best practices for identifying processes ripe for automation and offers tools and methodologies to streamline these workflows. As a result, operations become faster, less error-prone, and more consistent. Proficiency: Long-term acquisition and maintenance costs for the current data hub infrastructure layout are high. All of this makes it necessary to have auxiliary elements, including human resources, networking servers, data storage space, and the ability to chill the area where data servers are situated. Automating business cloud operations reduces these operational expenses significantly and influences total capital expenditures. Automated cloud computations offer excellent insight into what is happening while giving organizations the tools and equipment they need to allocate more resources to other areas. Enhancing Security with Automation: Security is paramount in cloud operations. One advantage of automation, when done correctly, is its ability to reduce human error—a significant cause of security breaches. Through Cisco training, teams learn how to automate security protocols, from regular patch updates to real-time threat detection and response. It strengthens the security posture and ensures compliance with industry regulations. Scaling Operations Seamlessly: One of the biggest challenges enterprises face with cloud operations is scalability. As the business grows, so does the demand for cloud resources. With Cisco's training in cloud automation, teams learn how to design scalable automation scripts and workflows. It means that as the enterprise expands, the cloud operations can scale to meet the increased demands without manual interventions. Integration with Multi-Cloud Environments: Many modern enterprises operate in multi-cloud environments, leveraging services from multiple providers. Cisco training covers the complexities of automating operations across diverse platforms, ensuring seamless integration and efficient management of resources, irrespective of where they get hosted. Continuous Monitoring and Reporting: An automated environment requires continuous monitoring to ensure everything runs as expected. Cisco's training introduces tools and practices for automated monitoring and reporting. It allows teams to gain real-time insights into operations, make informed decisions, and address issues proactively. Output: When manual data storage is the sole option, IT companies often invest more time and money into routine tasks that, compared to the process, are vital to stakeholders and often have few impacts. Thus, two areas where a limited portion of help got used in the maintenance and operations. After completing sufficient hands-on Cisco training, a networking specialist with a Cisco certification ought to be ready to turn the situation around with the help of automated cloud operations. Channelization: By reducing the likelihood of human mistakes and, in contrast, improving the availability of resources on hand, automated business cloud operations will enhance the responsiveness and overall performance of your IT department. The entire process gets optimized such that there is a significant reduction in the distance between the development end and the live state. Additionally, automating business cloud operations removes the need for manual database server configuration, verifying back-end code, testing, and ongoing server monitoring. Until the parameters are altered by a human moderator, a one-time automation would keep everything on course. Reducing Operational Costs: By automating various cloud operations, enterprises can achieve significant cost savings. Automated processes often require fewer resources, resulting in fewer errors, and can operate around the clock without human intervention. The expertise gained from Cisco training translates directly to these operational cost savings. Staying Updated with Evolving Automation Technologies: The world of cloud automation is dynamic, with new tools, practices, and technologies emerging regularly. Cisco's training modules are continually updated, ensuring participants get familiarized with the latest advancements in the automation arena. Empowering Teams for the Future: Cloud automation is not a fleeting trend—it's the future of cloud operations. By investing in Cisco training now, enterprises are optimizing their current operations and preparing their teams for the future landscape of automated cloud computing. Conclusion The promise of cloud automation is vast, from enhanced efficiency and security to cost savings and scalability. However, to harness its potential, a deep understanding and expertise in the tools and practices are essential. Through its comprehensive training programs, Cisco equips teams with the skills and knowledge they need to revolutionize their cloud operations, making automation the cornerstone of their cloud strategy.

Table of ContentsDescribe cloud networking.What are the most crucial network management capabilities?TrainingWhy certify?Comprehensive Understanding of Cloud NetworkingHands-on experience with Real-World ScenariosStaying Updated with Evolving Cloud TechnologiesEnhancing Cloud Security CapabilitiesOptimized Network PerformanceBoosting Team ConfidenceInteroperability and Integration SkillsRecognition with Industry-Standard CertificationCost Savings and ROIPreparing for the future:What IT departments are in charge of cloud networking?Conclusion In the digital era, as companies rapidly migrate to cloud and multi-cloud environments, the need for expertise in cloud networking has never been more critical. Cisco, a globally recognized leader in networking solutions, offers top-notch training programs that can significantly enhance your team's cloud networking skills. Let's delve into how Cisco training can elevate your team's capabilities in cloud networking and why it's an essential investment for modern businesses. Describe cloud networking. Cloud networking provides a connection to and between workloads and applications spanning clouds, cloud services, on-premises data centers, and edge networks. The administration of hybrid cloud and multi-cloud settings effectively depends on them for performance, security, and management. What are the most crucial network management capabilities? The three most important features of a network management tool are directly related to how effectively that platform integrates local and remote employees when it comes to managing a complicated or highly dispersed network. First, the tool's value to IT teams will be impacted by its ease of adoption and implementation. Network management follows the adage "Adoption is the new ROI," as it is common in software as a service (SaaS). It will rapidly become obsolete if it is challenging to deploy and utilize regularly. Additionally, it's crucial to locate a platform that can control the whole network, from access to WAN to IoT. Finally, regardless of how you decide to deploy, network data protection, control, and treatment must all be given equal attention. Training Cisco can assist you with advancing your career, honing your abilities, or giving your company a competitive edge, whether you are studying the foundations with CCNA or upskilling your staff. You can study anywhere, anytime, and at your speed, thanks to the variety of training options offered, such as instructor-led, e-learning, and even digital subscriptions from Cisco U. Training with Cisco means remaining current with technological advancements as your profession changes, regardless of what you decide to study and how you decide to do it. Why certify? Getting certified is a terrific method to further your career, regardless of how much IT experience you have or how new you are to the profession. Employers trust certified workers to connect, protect, and automate Cisco networks everywhere because certifications are evidence of expertise, aptitude, and a commitment to lifelong learning. Comprehensive Understanding of Cloud Networking Cloud networking is no longer a novel concept, as its intricacies can be complex. With Cisco's training programs, team members gain a profound understanding of cloud networking principles. These programs cover the basics to the most advanced topics, ensuring every participant can grasp the key concepts regardless of their prior knowledge level. Hands-on experience with Real-World Scenarios One of the standout features of Cisco training is the emphasis on hands-on learning. Through labs and practical exercises, learners get exposed to real-world scenarios. This practical approach ensures that they're not just gaining theoretical knowledge but are equipped to implement their learnings in actual business environments. Staying Updated with Evolving Cloud Technologies Cloud technologies are ever-evolving. As new features, services, and best practices emerge, professionals need to stay updated. Cisco's training modules are regularly updated to reflect these changes, ensuring your team is always in sync with the latest in cloud networking. Enhancing Cloud Security Capabilities With the increasing threats in the digital landscape, security remains paramount in cloud networking. Cisco training focuses extensively on security measures in cloud environments. By understanding how to set up firewalls, monitor traffic, and detect potential threats, your team becomes proficient in ensuring the safety of your cloud-based assets. Optimized Network Performance A well-trained team can make the most of cloud networking tools and technologies, ensuring optimal performance. They'll understand how to configure, troubleshoot, and optimize networks for efficient data flow and minimal downtime. Cisco's training provides them with the skills to ensure the cloud network always performs at its peak. Boosting Team Confidence Knowledge is empowering. When team members are confident in their skills, they can tackle challenges more effectively, make informed decisions, and innovate. Cisco training offers them the knowledge and skills they need, resulting in a more confident and proactive team ready to face any cloud networking challenge head-on. Interoperability and Integration Skills In today's multi-cloud world, integrating various services and platforms becomes crucial. Cisco training equips teams with skills to ensure seamless interoperability between various cloud services and on-premises solutions. This training allows them to build and manage hybrid environments efficiently. Recognition with Industry-Standard Certification Beyond the knowledge and skills, Cisco offers certifications that are positively respected in the IT industry. Achieving a Cisco certification is a testament to the holder's expertise in cloud networking. It boosts your team's credibility and offers them a competitive edge in their professional growth. Cost Savings and ROI Mistakes in cloud networking can be costly. Downtime, data breaches, or inefficient configurations can lead to significant financial setbacks. A team trained by Cisco is better equipped to prevent these issues, leading to cost savings in the long run. The return on investment from Cisco training, both in terms of financial gains and operational efficiency, is substantial. Preparing for the future: The cloud is the future of IT infrastructure. As more services and solutions move to the cloud, having a team skilled in cloud networking becomes indispensable. Investing in Cisco training now, you are preparing your team and business for future challenges and opportunities. What IT departments are in charge of cloud networking? The following IT operations teams (compute infrastructure, networking, and security), application teams, cloud architects, and business stakeholders must work together to implement cloud networking: NetOps: Configures and maintains network topologies for various teams, ensuring that resources and applications are accessible and that users have a consistent experience. Infrastructure teams for data centers and computers: Enforces application-aware criteria to ensure the network gets expanded across on-premises and public cloud settings. SecOps: Provide security across different networks for users, access, apps, and data. Application teams and DevOps: Utilizes network infrastructures and resources to launch apps and boost performance. Cloud architect: Contributes to the creation of a unified plan for multi-cloud networking. Conclusion In cloud networking, expertise, and continuous learning are essential. Cisco, with its legacy of excellence in networking solutions, offers training that's both comprehensive and relevant. By investing in Cisco training, you're enhancing your team's current capabilities and ensuring they are equipped for future advancements in cloud networking. In a world shifting rapidly towards the cloud, such training is not just beneficial—it's essential.