The domain name system or shortly known as DNS is a naming database in which internet domain names which would be located as well as translated into IP (internet protocol) addresses. The domain name system would be mapping the name people utilized to locate a website to the IP address that a computer would be utilizing for locating a website. For instance, if someone types example.com into a web browser, a server behind the scenes would be able to map that name to the corresponding IP address, something parallel in structure to 121.12.12.121.
Web browsing, as well as most other internet activities, would be relying on DNS for quickly providing the information necessary to connect users to remote hosts. DNS mapping would be distributed throughout the internet in a hierarchy of authority. Access enterprises and providers, as well as governments, universities, and other organizations, typically would be having their own assigned ranges of IP addresses and an assigned domain name. They would be also typically running DNS servers for managing the mapping of those names to those addresses. Most URLs would be built around the domain name of the webserver that would be taking client requests. For more information on DNS, check out the IT Exam dumps such offered at SPOTO Club.
How DNS works?
DNS servers answer questions from both insides as well as outside their domains. When a server would be receiving a request from outside the domain for information about a name or address inside the domain, it would be providing the authoritative answer. When a server would be receiving a request from inside its domain for information about an address or name outside that domain, it passes the request out to another server.
This server is considered to be one managed by its ISP (internet service provider). If that server doesn’t know the answer or the authoritative source for the answer, it would be reaching out to the DNS servers for the top-level domain for example, for all of .com or .edu. Then, it would be clearing the request down to the authoritative server for the specific domain, for example, techtarget.com or stkate.edu. The answer would be flowing back along a similar path.
DNS structure
A domain name would be made of multiple parts, knows as labels. The domain hierarchy is read from right to left with each section would be denoting a subdivision. The top-level domain is what would be appearing after the period in the domain name. A few examples of top-level domains would be .com, .org, and .edu, but there would be many others that could be utilized. Some might be denoting a country code or geographic location like .us for the United States or .ca for Canada.
Each label to the left would be denoting another subdomain to the right. So for instance, “TechTarget” is considered to be a subdomain of .com. and “www.” is a subdomain of techtarget.com. There could be up to 127 levels of subdomains, and each label could be having up to 63 characters. The total domain character length could be having up to 253 characters. Other rules include not beginning or ending labels with hyphens and wouldn’t be having a fully numeric top-level domain name.
The IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) has specified rules considering domain names in RFC 1035, 1123, 2181 as well as 5892.
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