参考回答
Mainly the different types of network delays are: propagation delay, transmission delay, processing delay, and queueing delay.
I'll explain everything in-depth!
You know when data travels from one system to another, almost every time you face a certain delay. This process is basically called a total delay or latency and it's made up from multiple smaller delays.
So, here is how it goes:
Propagation delay is the time it takes for the signal to physically travel from sender to receiver. Now, a propagation delay completely depends on distance and the medium such as fiber, copper, etc., so even at high speeds, long distances do add delay.
And then, comes your transmission delay.
This is the time required to push all bits of a packet onto the wire. So if the packet is large or the bandwidth is low, this delay eventually increases.
Now, once the packet reaches a router, it doesn't immediately move ahead. There's a small processing delay, where the router checks the packet header and decides where to send it next.
Even after everything is covered, there is still some time where the packet has to wait.
That waiting time is called queuing delay.
Remember that this is the most unpredictable one; it depends on network congestion. If many packets arrive at the same time, some of them sit in a buffer before being forwarded.
Here's what you should note:
Bandwidth and latency are often confused with one another.
So this is how you can differentiate it, A bandwidth is like the number of lanes on a highway, while latency is the speed limit.
You can have a wide road, i.e, high bandwidth, but if the speed is low, i.e, high delay, things still move slowly.
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