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\n\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0640 DevOps\u061f
\n\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 DevOps
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\n\u0642\u064a\u0645 DevOps \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629
\n\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 DevOps \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2010\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 CAMS[7]. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 CAMS \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0636\u064a\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 Lean \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d CALMS.
\n\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629
\n\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0628\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628” \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629
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\n\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629
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\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633
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\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629
\n\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 DevOps \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646.
\n\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a DevOps \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u062a\u0643 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645 CALMS \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a DevOps \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.
\n\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 DevOps
\n\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 DevOps \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646.
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\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642)
\n\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646).
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\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631)
\n\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646.
\n\u062f\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629
\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 DevOps \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0626\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 ITIL\u00ae
\n\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644 DevOps \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644.
\n\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 DevOps \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f DevOps \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644.
\n\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a DevOps
\n\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b. \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 – \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a (\u0643\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649). \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.
\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 – \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 – \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 – \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.
\n\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.
\nDevOps \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a – \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.
\nDevSecOps[9] – \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646” \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642.
\nChatOps[10] – \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0634\u0629.
\n\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0646[11] – \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.
\n\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 – \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.
\n\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 – \u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0643\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629.
\n\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f – \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641. \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.
\n\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a DevOps
\n\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 (\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0644) \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a DevOps \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a DevOps \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a DevOps \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a [12]. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.
\nDevOps \u0648 ITIL
\nITIL \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a (ITSM). \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644[13]. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 ITIL.
\n\u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f DevOps\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 ITIL\u061f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0627. \u0641\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a ITIL \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 DevOps \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643: \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a.
\n\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0633 \u0623\u0646 DevOps \u0647\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.
\n\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f DevOps
\n\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 DevOps \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 46 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 440 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631. \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 96 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 5 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646[14].
\n\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644 DevOps \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a DevOps.
\n\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Forrester Research \u0623\u0646 50% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 DevOps\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 27% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 DevOps \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629[15].
\n\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 DevOps
\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 DevOps \u0622\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 DevOps \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 DevOps \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627[16].
\n\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 DevOps \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 DevOps \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 DevOps Foundation \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f DevOps. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0640 DevOps \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a DevOps.
\n\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 DevOps\u061f
\n\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a DevOps\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 DevOps.
\n\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a DevOps \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648 DevOps \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a DevOps \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a (\u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0629) \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f.
\n\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 DevOps \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649
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\n\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635
\n\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0631 DevOps \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a DevOps \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647. DevOps \u0647\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 DevOps \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 DevOps \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627.
\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 DevOps \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f DevOps \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 DevOps \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u062a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.
\n\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646 DevOps \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a DevOps. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0633\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 DevOps \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639
\n[1] \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627. (2018). DevOps. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/DevOps. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[2] \u0643\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. (2001). \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: http:\/\/agilemanifesto.org\/. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[3] \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627. (2018). 2018. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lean. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631\/\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637 2018.
\n[4] \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627. (2018). 2018. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lean_IT. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[5] \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627. (2018). 2018. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lean_manufacturing. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[6] \u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 + \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627. (2017). \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 DevOps \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2017. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/puppet.com\/blog\/2017-state-devops-report-here. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[7] \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 DevOps. (2017). CAMS. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: http:\/\/devopsdictionary.com\/wiki\/CAMS. \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2018.
\n[8] \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f (2013). \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0633: \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 DevOps \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632. \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.
\n[9] \u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0625\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0633. (2016). Intuit’s DevSecOps: \u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/devops.com\/intuits-devsecops-war-games-culture-hacking\/. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[10] \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a. ChatOps Extravaganza \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0631 (ADO42). \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/www.arresteddevops.com\/chatops\/. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[11] \u0633\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0648. (2017). \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/www.knowledgetrain.co.uk\/resources\/practice\/kanban-principles. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[12] \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633 (2016). \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 DevOps: \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.
\n[13] \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0633. (2016). \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0640 ITIL. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/www.axelos.com\/Corporate\/media\/Files\/Key%20Benefits\/ITIL_Value_Proposition.pdf. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[14] Puppet\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 DevOps \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2017.
\n[15] \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062f. (2017). 2018: \u0639\u0627\u0645 DevOps \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/go.forrester.com\/blogs\/2018-the-year-of-enterprise-devops\/. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.
\n[16] \u0643\u064a\u0641\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0633\u064a. (2017). \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 DevOps: 6 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d: https:\/\/enterprisersproject.com\/article\/2017\/9\/devops-jobs-6-eye-opening-statistics. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a 1 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2018.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a DevOps. \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 DevOps\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2783,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4853","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pmp-exam-prep"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t